| EPA | 7.1 | Establish a management plan that integrates information gathered from the history, the physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging as well as the patient’s preference; incorporate the prescription of medications, physiotherapy and physical rehabilitation, dietetic and lifestyles advice, psychological support, social and environmental measures into the management plan |
| EPA | 7.2 | Use clinical scores and clinical decision rules/protocols to support decision (Bayesian approach) when appropriate. |
| EPA | 7.3 | Adopt a shared-decision making approach in establishing the management plan, take into account patients’ preferences in making orders; take into account an indication or request for complementary medicine; deal with treatment refusal; demonstrate an understanding of the patient’s and family’s current situation, beliefs and wishes, and consider any physical dependence or cognitive disorders; react appropriately when the patient lacks autonomous decision-making capacity. |
| EPA | 7.4 | Take into account the patient’s specific profile and situation, such as gender, age, culture, religion, beliefs and health literacy; take into account the vulnerability of specific groups such as immigrants, patients with low socioeconomic status, adolescents |
| EPA | 7.5 | Ensure patient’s and family’s understanding of the indications, risks and benefits, alternatives and potential complications of treatment |
| EPA | 7.6 | Understand and apply the concept and basic elements of advance care planning |
| EPA | 7.7 | Demonstrate an insight into emotional factors that can interfere with patient-doctor communication and their management |
| EPA | 7.8 | Provide effective treatment (medicinal and technological) of all types of pain |
| EPA | 7.9 | Prescribe antibiotics only with clear indications and awareness of the issue of antibiotic resistance |
| EPA | 7.10 | Avoid unnecessary/futile diagnostic measures and treatment |
| EPA | 7.11 | Determine prescription and treatment according to the patient’s condition, and adjust for weight, allergies, pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics (“precision medicine”), potential interactions with other medication and substances, pregnancy status or co-morbid conditions, legal/illegal psychoactive substances, potential for self-harm |
| EPA | 7.12 | In patients with multimorbidity, prioritize measures and medication; compose orders efficiently and effectively, whether in oral, written or electronic format |
| EPA | 7.13 | During follow-up, support self-management by the patient; evaluate and discuss adherence; discuss the potential impact of non-adherence if needed, especially with patients who are cognitively impaired or unable to make decisions; use motivational approaches if appropriate |
| EPA | 7.14 | Ensure continuity and interprofessional collaboration in caring for chronic and multimorbid patients |
| EPA | 7.15 | Counsel patient and family proactively on decision-making at the end of life, taking into account the patient’s preferences and acceptable outcomes; involve chaplain if needed and/or consult with ethicist in difficult situations |
| EPA | 7.16 | Prescribe measures for treatment of pain, palliative and end-of-life care, taking into account any advance directives or a “do not resuscitate” request |
